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Abstract

The phytochemical composition and antioxidant capabilities of Zingiber officinale (ginger), Ocimum gratissimum (scent leaf), and their combination were investigated using established methods for bioactive screening, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assays. The outcome of the phytochemical evaluation revealed that the aqueous extracts of Z. officinale, O. gratissimum leaf and their mixture contain a diverse range of phytochemicals including alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, phenols and terpenoids. The mixture of ginger and scent leaf exhibited a synergistic effect, showing the presence of these phytochemicals in enhanced quantities. Antinutrients such as phytates and oxalate were present in small concentrations.  The outcomes of the antioxidant study demonstrated that aqueous extracts of Z. officinale, O. gratissimum leaf and their mixture possessed significant antioxidant activity. At concentrations of 5, 20 and 50 (µg/ml), scent leaf exhibited the highest DPPH scavenging activity (5.09, 19.62 and 38.64) % inhibition respectively, while at 10 µg/ml, the combined extracts displayed highest DPPH activity compared to the single extracts, but lower than the standard (vitamin C). However, in the FRAP assay, the blend of ginger and scent leaf displayed the highest activity compared to individual extracts. These results are concentration-dependent and statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05. This research thus reveals the plethora of bioactives that can be harnessed from the individual extracts and the herbal mixture of O. gratissimum and Z. officinale. Additionally, these extracts can be used as scaffolds or adjuncts in the production of antioxidant supplements, and management of related diseases.

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Medicinal plants Ocimum gratissimum Zingiber officinale Herbal mixtures Phytochemical screening Antioxidant capacity

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Copyright (c) 2023 Eugene N. Oyeike, Joyce O. Akaninwor

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Ibeabuchi, C. G., Oyeike, E. N., Patrick-Iwuanyanwu, K. C., & Akaninwor, J. O. (2023). Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Capacity of Zingiber officinale, Ocimum gratissimum and their Mixture. Journal of Public Health and Toxicological Research, 1(1), 11–18. Retrieved from https://jphtr.com/index.php/journal/article/view/16
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