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Abstract

Medical professionals have used synthetic medicine to treat bacterial infections. Scientists globally have been on the search for the utilization of natural plant products as alternatives. Therefore, this study investigated the preliminary phytochemical screening, and characterization of bioactive compounds and antibacterial properties of Eupatorium odoratum. Phytochemicals were detected using standard methods, certain bioactive compounds were detected using thin layer chromatographic (TLC) technique, ultra-violet (UV) visible and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopic techniques. Antimicrobial screening was carried out using the punched agar diffusion method, the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of test organisms were determined by using serial doubling dilution method. Saponins, tannins, glycosides, alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, proteins, oil were detected in the crude extract and some bioactive compounds which denoted the presence of various phytochemicals were found in the three solvent extracts used. All extracts showed good antibacterial activities with zone inhibition of 15-25 mm against all microorganism specimens; however, the chloroform extract was more potent in causing inhibition with Staphylococcus aureus (25 mm), having the highest zone of inhibition. Eupatorium odoratum can therefore be utilized as an alternative medicinal agent against a variety of bacterial infections.

Keywords

Phytochemicals and Bioactive Compounds Antibacterial Agent Eupatorium odoratum

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Lokwutor, R. O., Onyeukwu, O. B., Osabohien, E., & Ajiwe, I. V. (2024). Preliminary Phytochemical Screening, Characterization of Bioactive Compounds and Antibacterial Properties of Eupatorium odoratum from Agbor, Nigeria. Journal of Public Health and Toxicological Research, 2(2), 68–78. https://doi.org/10.60787/jphtr.vol2no2.38
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